Submissions

Author Guidelines

Guidelines for Authors

Manuscript Submission Mechanism

All research articles should be sent as electronic attachments to the Editor, InternationaResearch Journal of Arts & Humanities, University of Sindh, Pakistan, on the e-mail: [email protected] OR in a CD-ROM in MS Word or PDF format on the following address: The Editor, IRJAH, Office of the Dean Faculty of Arts, University of Sindh, Jamshoro.

Configuration of the Research Article

Title and abstract

A concise, clear, and informative title not exceeding 50 characters with a maximum of 70 including spacing should be given to the manuscripts. The article should commence with an abstract of not more than 200 words summarizing all the main points, and it should be ensured by a minimum of 5 keywords; detailing further the problem under probe, participants of the study along with their demographic profiles, methodology used, interesting special features of the study, findings with effect sides and confidential intervals/ statistical significance levels, conclusions, future implications, applications and recommendations for future research engagement.  

Content and focus

• The length of the article should not exceed 5000 words except where it may be an unavoidable requirement of the research study; in which case, a convincing justification may please be mentioned. The authors should also be pleased to mention the word count at the end of the article.

• The articles should be written clearly, consistently, and coherently so that they are reader-friendly/
• Practices cited should relate to relevant theoretical principles whereas, the theoretical notions should be bracketed with the functional applications.

• Articles should address real context highlighting genuine issues faced by authentic audiences, communities, and societies to benefit people in general and stakeholders addressed in the research studies in particular.

• Articles must also manifest an understanding of the other relevant work executed until then in the given area to relate to and report on the same in the interest of conceptual consistency.
• The title page of the article should contain phone, fax number, e-mail, and postal addresses.
• The article should be typed single-spaced throughout (including footnotes, quotations, and reference list) with no less than a one-inch margin on all four sides.
• Articles should be in "Times New Roman" font with 12pt with the exception of main heading 16pt and sub-headings in 14pt.

Headings
Title: Flush Centre, Boldface and Upper and Lowercase 16pt.
Level 1: Flush Left, Boldface and Upper and Lowercase 14pt.
Level 2: Flush Left, Boldface and Upper and Lowercase 12pt.
Level 3: Flush Left, Upper and Lowercase 12pt.

Tense use and sequence

• Abstract: Present simple tense
• Literature Review, Description of the procedure/method and narration of the past events: Past simple tense or present perfect tense.
• Analysis, Findings, and Results: Past simple tense.
• Discussion, implications of the results, and conclusions: Present simple tense.

Referencing and citation format

For various categories of citation sources the following examples, styles, patterns, and formatting rules should be observed:

One author:
Smith, J. K. (Date). Title.
Two authors:
Smith, J. K., & Sampson, T. (Date). Title.
Three authors:
Smith, J. K., Sampson, T., & Hubbard, A. J. (Date). Title.
Eight or more:
Smith, J. K., Sampson, T., Hubbard, A. J., Anderson, J., Thompson, T., Silva, P.,…Bhatia, N. (Date). Title.

Other contributor types

Sometimes the main contributor is not an author, but another contributor type, such as an editor for a book, a conductor for a musical piece, or a producer for a film. In this instance, follow the contributor with the contributor type (abbreviate Editor(s) as Ed. or Eds. and most other roles can be spelled out in their entirety).
One contributor example:
Smith, J. K. (Ed.). (Year published). Title.
Lu, P. (Producer). (Year published). Title.

Corporate or group authors
Some sources may have corporate or group authors. Write these organizations in their entirety, and place them where you would write the author. If the organization is also the publisher of the source, write “Author” instead of repeating the publisher name.
Corporate author:
American Psychological Association. (Date). Title. Washington, DC: Author.
Government author:
Illinois Department of Industrial Relations. (Date). Title. Springfield, IL: McGraw-Hill
No contributor information
Sometimes you will come across sources with no contributor information. In this instance, do not write the date first. Instead, write the name of the title and then the date, then followed by the remaining appropriate bibliographic data.
Webster’s dictionary. (1995). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.

Publication information

After the contributor information and title comes the publication information. Below are different publication templates.
Book:
Last, F. M. (Date Published). Book title. City, State: Publisher.
Journal:
Last, F. M. (Date Published). Article title. Journal Title, Volume (Issue), Page(s).
Magazine:
Last, F. M. (Date Published). Article title. Magazine Title, Volume (Issue), Page(s).
Website:
Last, F. M. (Date Published). Web page title. Retrieved from Homepage URL
Newspaper:
Last, F. M. (Year, Month Day published). Article title. Newspaper Title, Page(s).
Note: If there is no date, use “n.d” in parentheses, which means “no date.
Note: Page numbers for chapters of books and newspapers are preceded by “p.” or “pp.” [plural], while those of magazines and journals are only written with members.

Additional information
For less conventional source types, you can add descriptions about the source after the title, in brackets, immediately after the title. For example, you can add [Brochure] after the title of a brochure (separated by a space) to clarify the type of source you are citing.

Getty Images (2015, September 19). David Wright #5 of the New York Mets walks back to the dugout [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://www.gettyimages.com/license/ 489162016
When citing non periodical sources, advanced information such as the edition and series information comes before the publication information and immediately after the title, grouped in the same parentheses. See the example below:
Smith, J. (2002). Power. In R. C. Richardson (Ed.), The time of the future (5th ed., Volume 3). Philadelphia, PA: Sage.

In-text referencing

All titles quoted in the text should also be included in the end – of the – article bibliography and reference list. All titles quoted in the text should also be included in the end – of the – article bibliography and reference list

• Page number should be provided after each direct quote made in the text for more than two authors use all authors name at the first time mention and the name of the first authors along with “et.al.” in the ensuing mentions
• When two or more authors with the same name are there – the initials of the names of each of them should be mentioned in the end of the article reference list (e.g., G.A. Buriro, 2017; M.S. Buriro, 2018)
• When citing multiple publications by the same author each publication should be separated by using comma (Judith, 2015, 2016, 2018)
• When quoting several works together each work be separated by using semicolon following alphabetical order (Soomro, 2012; Bhatti, 2014)
• When mentioning many publications by one author in the same year each be separated by using comma and small alphabetical letter following proper year sequence (Mirani, 2011a, 2011b, 2011c)
• In-text and end of the article mentions should match each other
• First line of the each reference mention should be written flush left whereas all the following lines should be indented
• All references should be alphabetized by first author, in case there are instances where the first author is same in many alphabetized by first initials
• Single author entries should preceded multiple authors entries
• Where many works by the same author are quoted the earliest one should be cited first
• The first word of each title, subtitle and all proper nouns should be capitalized.

Edited book

Duncan, G. J., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (Eds.). (1997). Consequences of growing up poor. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation

Multivolume work

Wiener, P. (Ed.). (1973). Dictionary of the history of ideas (Vols. 1-4). New York, NY: Scribner's

Article or chapter in an edited book
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In A. A. Editor & B. B. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pages of chapter). Location: Publisher.
Report from the government printing office
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2003). Managing asthma: A guide for schools (NIH Publication No. 02-2650). Retrieved from http://www.nhlbi .nih.gov/health/prof/lung/asthma/asth_sch.pdf
Report from ERIC
Author, A. A. (1996). Title of ERIC document (Report No. AB-12). City, ST: Sponsoring Entity. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 123 456)
Proceedings of meetings and symposia
Proceedings published in an edited book:
McKay, G. (1999). Self-determination in Aboriginal education. In L. B. Muller (Ed.), Changing the climate: Proceedings of the 1998 Conference for Graduate Students in the Social Sciences and Humanities (pp. 1-11). Saskatoon, Canada: University of Saskatchewan.
Conference proceedings (Unpublished paper or speech)
Smith, S. (2009, August). Putting the grrrr! Back in progressive. Paper presented at the meeting of the Progressive Librarians Guild, Detroit, MI.
Unpublished doctoral dissertation or master's thesis
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of dissertation/thesis (Unpublished doctoral dissertation [OR] Unpublished master's thesis). Academic Institution, City, State [OR] Country
Doctoral dissertation or master's thesis available from database
Author, A (Year). Title of dissertation/thesis (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Name of database. (Accession or Order Number)
Unpublished manuscript not submitted for publication
Manuscript Title. Unpublished manuscript.
Unpublished manuscript with a university cited
Manuscript Title. Unpublished manuscript, Southern Kentucky University, Frankfurt, KY.
Unpublished manuscript submitted for publication
Manuscript Title. Manuscript submitted for publication.

Citing articles in online journals, magazines and newspapers
Simpson, V. L. (2013, March 27). Amanda Knox case puts Italian justice under scrutiny. Time. Retrieved from http://time.com

Citing electronic books
Rodriguez-Garcia, R., & White, E.M. (2005). Self-assessment in managing for results: Conducting self-assessment for development practitioners. doi:10.1596/9780-82136148-1
Citing television programs, films, videos, DVDs
Bender, L. (Producer), & Tarantino, Q. (Director). (1994). Pulp fiction [Motion Picture]. United States: Miramax.
Single episode from a television series: Egan,

D. (Writer), & Alexander, J. (Director). (2005). Failure to communicate [Television series episode].

In D. Shore (Executive producer), House. New York, NY: Fox Broadcasting.

Video/Movie:
Soderbergh, S. (Director). (2000). Traffic [Motion picture]. United States: USA Home Entertainment.
Video/Movie online:
Norton, R. (2006, November 4). How to train a cat to operate a light switch [Video file]. Video posted to http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vja83KLQXZs
Quotations
While making reference to someone else's idea through a direct quote, the author’s name along with the year of publication and page number must be provided. For example;

Efficient reading does not result from precise perception and identification of all elements, but from skill in selecting the fewest, most productive cues necessary to produce guesses (Goodman 1967:127).