Kalich Research Journal

An Analytical Study of Translated Dramas in Sindhi by Mirza Kalich Beg

Dr. Farida Dahri — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Translation has played an important role in spreading and developing Sindhi literature; by reading these translations, we gain new perspectives and opportunities. His plays are frequently translated from English to Sindhi, with some also being translated from Urdu to Sindhi. The dramas being translated by Mirza Kalich Beg have one special thing: he has not copy-pasted the translation but translated the English social dramas according to Sindhi society. He put the stories of those dramas the same as the original ones. He changed the names of the characters and scenes of dramas in Sindhi. By translating those best dramas, he added to the treasure trove of Sindhi literature. The dramas being translated by Mirza Kalich Beg are often by Shakespeare.

Analysis of Dr. Atta Muhammad Hami’s Research on Talpurs of Khairpur Miras

Dr. Makhmoor Bukhari — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Atta Muhammad Hami was a well-known poet, translator, and researcher of Sindhi literature. His works on various topics, including the political situation of the Talpur rulers of Upper Sindh, their social life, habits, customs, education, scholarly, literary services, geography, and archaeology of Khairpur, have been presented as comprehensive and important research. This article examined the research presented by Dr Atta Muhammad Hami on the Talpurs of Khairpur Mirs' role in literature, culture, and politics. The research study will emerge as authentic research in terms of culture and literature and contribute more to the field of knowledge. ئر

The Brief study of the Poetry of Syed Misri Shah

Dr. Naheed Parveen — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Syed Misri Shah (1840–1905) is known as the King of Sindhi Kaafi. He was a saint and a great Sufi poet. He was born in Nasarpur. He travelled almost throughout Sindh and observed the collective wisdom of the people. He remained a spinster till the end of his life. Misri Shah was very kind by nature. He has composed beautiful poetry. His poetry seems to be the shadow of his life. Syed Misri Shah was the last classical poet. His poetry is a document of art and aesthetics. He has used Arabian, Persian, Siraiki, and Hindi metaphors in his poetry, in addition to Sindhi. In this research paper, I have tried to excavate the art and philosophy of the poetry of Syed Misri Shah. Through the research, I have come to know that in his poetry he has depicted nature, humanity, and mysticism.The Brief study of the Poetry of Syed Misri Shah

Translation and its Technical Requirements

Mushtaque Ahmed Gabol, Mufti Muhammad Sahibdad — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

< p align="justify">Translation is an art whereby you create a literary masterpiece in its own language. If seen from this perspective, translation in itself is a creative process that is recreated by the translator in his own language. If the translation does not fall within the parameters of being creative or is not like a creative process, it will remain devoid of the beauty and excitement that a creative masterpiece is required to have. Translation apparently seems to be an art of bringing a written script into its own language from another language, but in reality it is beyond or more than that. Its real object is to find new vistas of knowledge and act as a communication bridge between various nations and their languages. Moreover, translation also helps us study and understand different cultures and civilisations.

Suicide of Munir Ahmed Manik: Psychological Analysis

Abdul Ghafoor Chandio (Mussawer Hussain) — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Suicide is an act by which a person ends his life after killing himself in different ways. In ancient times, it was a common issue in society, but in the modern era, it has been turned into a burning issue in every country. Latest research studies state that the ratio of suicides has increased worldwide. Developing and backward countries of the world are facing this issue, which causes the deaths of 700,000 people per year. According to the research of the WHO, suicide is the fourth leading cause of death in 15–19-year-olds and 77% of global suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries. Why do people indulge in taking this step? The main reasons for taking a step are depression, unemployment, failure to love, fear of insecurity, injustice, domestic affairs, debt matters ,not finding a place in society and so on. It has been seriously observed that most writers are also inducted to take this step. Several writers chose this step to get rid of issues by killing themselves. A few examples are quoted from international literature, such as Ernest Hemingway, Virginia Woolf, Edgar Allan Poe, Mayakovsky, and many renowned authors became the killers of their own lives. Munir Ahmed Manik, one of the prominent writers of the Sindhi language, also committed suicide. In Sindhi short stories and novels, he was the trend-setter and representative of modernism. Why did he turn off the lamp of his own life? What would the reasons be behind his suicide? In this paper, the writer is trying his best to investigate the reasons why, Munir Ahmed Manik was compelled to take action by committing suicide.

Comparative Study of the Poetry of William Words Worth and Tanveer Abbasi

Dad Muhammad Katohar "Anwer Pardesi", Dr. Rahim Bux Mahar "Khadim" — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

William Wordsworth (1770–1851) was born on the 7th April, in Cocumouth, Cumberland, England. He got his early education at Hawks Head Grammar School. During this time, he wrote his first poem. After that, he went to Cambridge, where he got his graduate degree in 1791. In 1798, his book called "lyrical ballads" was published. He wrote many poems regarding the beauty of nature. He observed nature closely and he captured natural beauty. He has depicted nature in words with an aesthetic sense. So, it is observed that there is his intimacy with nature. He calls poetry the "spontaneous" overflow of powerful feelings, which reflects automatically due to closeness with nature. Therefore, his poetry has an impact on readers as well as listeners. He wants to persuade and please people in this world. In the same way, the poetry of Tanveer Abbasi is filled with persuasive art and natural beauty. He shows his closeness to the beauty of nature. So, it is observed that both words' worth and Tanveer Abbasi have intimacy with nature in great abundance.

Critical Analysis of work done by Muhabbat Buriro in the field of Scientific and Art of Idiomic Structure in Sindhi Language

Din Muhammad Kalhoro, Dr. Muhammad Anwar Figaar Hakro — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

In the Sindhi language, Muhabbat Buriro was a trustworthy name. He has worked on very tough and boring topics in the field of language. In this research paper, the scientific and artistic idiomatic works of Muhabbat Buriro are critically analyzed. The meanings, definitions, and illustrations of artistic and scientific idiomatic work are analyzed in this paper. In fact, idiomatic structuring is the hardest art in any language. It is made easy in their own language by those experts who are not only experts in science but in their own language as well. The name of Muhabbat Buriro can be listed among the experts of the Sindhi language who are able to translate the scientific and artistic idiomatic structure in their own language. This type of work by Muhabbat Buriro is explained in this paper.

A Critical Review of Dr. Tanvir Junejo’s Research

Dr. Hasseen Musarat Shah, Dr. Rehana Nazir — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Dr. Tanvir Junejo is a prominent Sindhi fiction and non-fiction writer. As an expert sociologist, Dr. Junejo has conducted an extensive study of women writers and scholars in Sindh and made it accessible to others. Dr. Junejo has also written on the evolution and literary changes that have engulfed Sindhi literature over the centuries and on the various problems that have plagued women over the years..

An-analytical Study of Short Stories of Shaikh Ayaz

Dr. Hakim Ali Buriro — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Sheikh Ayaz was a prominent name in modern Sindhi literature. Sheikh Ayaz is famous for his poetry, but he is also a great short story writer. The themes of Sheikh Ayaz’s stories are based on earthly realities. He raises his voice against the cruelty and exploitation of the upper class of society. The short stories of Sheikh Ayaz present modernity and progressivism. He started to write short stories at an early age, and as he focused on stories, he became a great fiction writer. In this research article, an attempt has been made to explore the themes and techniques of Sheikh Ayaz’s short stories.

A Study of Metaphors in Sachal Sarmast’s Sindhi Poetry

Nadim Baloach, Nazar Hussain Chandio — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Hazrat Sachal Sarmast was an undaunted mystic poet of his era. He was born in 1827. His thoughts have imbibed the effect of Mansoor bin Halaj and Fared-din Attar and he is grateful for it. He is titled "Mansor-e-sani" and "Attar of Sindh". Sachal Sarmast belonged to Talpur’s era. During this time, Sindh was clouded in the fog of imperialism and insularity and was almost on the verge of anarchy. Hence, such critical and sensitive political and religious circumstances were in close observation of Resultantly, he demonstrated, those conditions through his poetry, sometimes publicly and sometimes through metaphor and symbolism for public awareness.

A Brief Review of the Thought of Class-differences in Sindhi Poetry

Khawand Dino Larik, Muhammad Anas Rajpar — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Sindhi literature begins with poetry, which travels from ancient thought of romance or narrative, description to modernity. Obviously, poetry plays a pivotal role in the growth and development of society. In comparison to the average person, a poet feels pain and has a better understanding of things. Poetry expresses love, affection, courtship, social, political, and inner feelings at length. So, the class differences have had a great influence on Sindhi poetry. The term "class" herein means a section of society which is linked to any one of the professions. Basically, there are two classes in human society. One is the upper class, and the other is the lower class. The upper class includes the king, the investor or industrialist, the landlord, the businessman, and the head of a tribe. The lower class includes the poor, laborers, tenants, farmers, and people under pressure. He was Shah Inayat Shaheed of Jhok, who challenged this class distinction for equality with the slogan "one who ploughs the land." According to the master, this system of class distinctions indicates the upper class's monopoly over all resources, while the lower class people are devoid of them. In this research article, a brief review of the thought of class differences in Sindhi poetry has been presented with examples that seem the product of them.

A Critical Study of Salees Sindhi Text Book in the Cultural Context

Wafa Mansoor Buriro, Ghulam Ali Buriro — Tue, 09 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This paper examines the role of Easy Sindhi subject taught to nonnative learners of the Sindhi language at schools in Sindh province. One of the motives behind teaching native languages has been to enable non-native speakers to create connections with the local population and their culture. This study was conducted in order to assess the extent of the success of this motive. The qualitative research methodology was adapted to carry out the study, and the method utilised in the study was thematic analysis. For that, a structured open-ended questionnaire was developed and piloted. After piloting, the questionnaire was administered to a number of non-native speakers residing in Karachi. The responses were collected till a saturation point was reached. Then the responses were categorized thematically for thematic analysis. In light of the emergent themes, it was revealed that hardly any of them had formed an affiliation with Sindhi culture; almost no one knew how to speak or write Sindhi; their knowledge of Sindhi culture was limited to some tangible artifacts; the majority did not feel themselves to be apart from the Sindhi community; etcetera. A number of participants believed that poor teaching quality and limited use of the Sindhi language in classrooms were among the reasons they could not learn Sindhi properly and, as a result, could not assimilate into Sindhi culture. In light of the results of this study, it is recommended that the teaching of Sindhi to non-native learners should be thoroughly revised so that it can cater to their communicative and cultural needs in a sustainable way.

Evolution of preface writing in Sindhi Literature

Riaz Hussain Kalhoro, Dur Muhammad Alias Sabghat ullah Soomro — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Nowadays, proligamina is read and understood as Sindhi literature. Before that, we knew a little about it. However, proligamina now has a literal meaning. Many learned men have tried to demonstrate in different aspects. A few scholars have made this subject a very complicated one. On the other hand,it is elaborated in detail. Some different concepts about proligamina are discussed by different writers, which will be beneficial to understand its concepts. The word "proligamina" has been derived from an Arabic word that means "one who leads". Proligamina is actually an introduction in which the author is described. It is written in descriptive or prose form, depending on whether the book gives a poetic diction. Basically, proligamina is a critical piece of writing, but it cannot be restricted in its descriptive aspects. because most of the proligamina in writing are in the form of research. Proligamina is a basic and foremost prose form in which the author's self-assessment and the subject of the book are critically expressed. The subject and concept are clearly defined in the book. Composition and its detailed knowledge are its important parts.

Aestheticism in Mir Abdul Hussain Khan Sangi’s Poetry

Kashif Zain Keerio, Dr. Amir Ali Shah — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

The significance of aestheticism, its various facets in Sangi's poetry, and its connection to philosophical ideas are all explored in this study. A branch of philosophy known as estheticism has a close connection to both beauty and aesthetics and deals with art as a doctrine. Thematic and content analyses are used as research methods in this study, together with qualitative research methodology. The information leads to the conclusion that Mir Abdul Hussain Khan Sangi's poetry is inspired by the beauty and romanticism of the world around us. For the average person to enjoy himself and be able to appreciate the beauty around him, he has written his enchanting verses.

A brief review of the literary research of Dr. Hamid Ali khanai

Dr. Zulifqar Ali Jalbani, Dr. Naser Ullah Kaboro — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Dr. Hamid Ali Khanai possessed the high and prominent rank as a researcher and critic rather then fiction writer in the history of Sindhi literature. He started writing as a fiction manuscript. After the counselling of Dr. U. M. Daudpota, who knew his real instinct for writing, he soon left writing fiction and turned his best forward to research and criticism. At the age of 27, in 1961, he wrote his first treatise, 'Mansura', and continued the work of research and criticism till 2010. Khanai’s major contribution to Sindhi literature is memorable in the field of Sindhi literature. There is a series of words on the verge of parting time. It covers 49 years of knowledge gained from working in this respective field. The larger part of his work consists of 243 essays, treatises, and 17 books. His shared work for Sindhi literature covers lots of benefits for the lovers of Sindhi literature. His beneficial work always remains the source of inspiration for the army of readers.

Research and critical review of Shah's sur leela chanesar

Dur Muhammad Alias Sabghat ullah Soomro, Riaz Hussain Kalhoro — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

There are thirty chapters of Latif's poetry. Among them are some chapters whose titles are the names of the female protagonists that are mentioned in the poetry, such as Sasui, Marui, Suhuni, Sorath, Moomal, Noori and Leela. وf these seven female protagonists, Leela is the character that achieves her aims easily and she has all the finese and skill to get everything done with freedom to move anywhere. But she misuses her freedom so much that to achieve something she can risk her honour and respect. Shah Latif has suggested the character in her poetry to make amends for the mistakes that Leela has committed. The main characters of this chapter are Leela, Chanesar, and Kaunro. Shah Latif suggests she burn the necklace due to which she is displeased with her husband. In this chapter, the character of Chanesar is portrayed as God-fearing, loving and sober.

A Research Analysis of Educational and Literary Services of Professor Abdullah Magsi

Dr. Rafique Baloach — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

On December 17, 1947, Professor Abdullah Magsi was born in the home of Dhani Bux in the small village of Gul Muhammad Magsi, Taluka, and District of Dadu Sindh. Having completed his primary and secondary education, he went to Sachal Arts and Commerce College in Hyderabad to complete his intermediate education. He did his graduation and a masters in the subject of political science from the University of Sindh and was appointed as a lecturer in political science in 1978. Professor Abdullah Magsi had been associated with many literary and historical societies, including Sindh Historical and Cultural Society, Mian Naseer Muhammad, and Mian Yar Muhammad Kalhoro Literary, Cultural and Historical Memorial Committee, and Sindhi Literary Society (Sindhi Adabi Sangat), etc. Ideologically, he was a progressive, communist, and secular-minded person and his thoughts were revolutionary, based on progressivism and socialism. He was a political analyst and also an expert on socialism. Professor Abdullah Magsi was an erudite person who contributed his valuable services regarding awareness for education and re-awakening. This humanist and patriotic person defied the research that was carried out on the basis of faith or belief. Furthermore, he tried to construct the history of Sindh on the basis of reason and logic. From a scientific perspective, he looked at history, society, literature, and art. His published books are : (1) The Role of Sindhi Literary Figures in Universal Peace. (3) A contemporary examination of Sindh's history (Sindh je taareekh jo jaded mutaalo). In his books, he not only discussed the scientific inventions, fanatic fervor, Fascism, Imperialism, and horrible wars but also wrote from Soomra's reign to the present age about Sindh’s political, social, and retaliation movements in a scientific way. He did research on historical places like Moen Jo Daro, RanniKot, Sapar Mari, and Khuda Abad. Furthermore, he wrote research articles on historical personalities, e.g., Qalandar Lal Shahbaz, Makhdoom BilawalSamo, etc. This great scholar and historian of Sindh died on April 1, 1993.

Hakeem Fateh Muhammad Shehwani as a First Muslim Biographer of Holy Prophet Peace Be Upon Him in Sindhi Prose

Muhammad Waqar Nawaz Mughal , Dr. Muhammad Mudasir Nawaz Mughal — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Hakeem Fateh Muhammad Sehwani (1883–1942 A.D.) was one of the most popular and prestigious writers and leading educators in Sindh. He had written sixteen books on different topics in Sindhi prose. He had the honour to became the first muslim prose writer of biography of Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم peace be upon him. His three books, namely Fateh-e-Muhammadi, Hayat-un-Nabi, and Ikhlaq-un-Nabi, are considered masterpieces of the Holy Prophet’s life in Sindhi language. He tried to write not only in the Sindhi language but also in Urdu and the Persian language.

In his early life, he adopted the pen name "Saghir", but after some time, he adopted his title as "Hakeem" because of his family profession. His first book was published under the name Fateh-e- Muhammadi in the year 1911 A.D. In this book, he denied the objections and allegations of a Christian anonymous writer against the Holy Prophet and Islam. Fateh-e-Muhammadi is considered the master piece among all his works. His second book, Hayat-un-Nabi, describes important events in the Holy Prophet’s life from primary sources, and the third book, namely Ikhlaq-un-Nabi, was about the teaching of the Holy Prophet on ethics. In this article, the introduction of Hakeem Fateh Muhammad Sehwani’s work on the life of the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم is discussed.

LAKHEN JO DARO (Past and Present of Lakhen Jo Daro)

Manik Mustafa Shar, Saeeda Shah — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

The Lakhen jo Daro site is very much significant in location on the River Indus on the hilly area in between the Sukkur and Rohri, the site is considered as earlier indigenous settlement from the Neolithic to Mature Indus period with the evidences having large town residential area with multi stories building with sophisticated technology of Pottery making , metallurgy , stone working particularly with bead manufacturing areas with well-established economy mainly supported by neighboring and abroad trade activities remained viable source of legacy of Indus along with this site.

Misogyny Against Women in the Shakespeare’s Hamlet and Macbeth

Dr. Farida Yasmin Panhwar, Shabana Mohammad Anwar — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This article intends to explore the misogyny against women in Shakespeare’s two famous tragedies ‘Hamlet’ and ‘Macbeth’. Misogyny theory is related to expression of hatred of caste, creed colour, race or gender in oral or sign language. The English literature illustrates many writers who consciously or unconsciously applied the misogynistic. William Shakespeare, one of the greatest literary figures of English literature, is not an exception. His greatest tragedies portray the characters who speak misogynistic dialogues against female characters. The textual data analysis of Hamlet and Macbeth reveals ample instances which provide evidences vindicating Shakespeare’s brawny innate tendency as misogynist against women. As a gender biased dramatist Shakespeare feels pleasure to disgrace the central female figures like Ophelia and Queen Gertrude in ‘Hamlet’ and Lady Macbeth in ‘Macbeth’. It can be interpreted that whether the strongest characters like Lady Macbeth or the weakest one like Ophelia and Gertrude, Shakespeare never attributed them individuality or independence; rather he tagged his female figures to revolve around their males.

Investigation of Archaeological Sites Eastern Thar Desert from Cholistan to the Thar of Sindh, Pakistan

Ghulam Hassan Burdi, Dr. Muhammad Hanif Lagahri — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Thar Desert is located at east of Pakistan from Cholistan (Punjab) to the province of Sindh. It spread at the distance of 500 Kilometers north – South and 200 Kilometers in east – west. Northern Thar of Cholistan (Bahawalpur, Rahimyar Khan, Bahawalnagar Districts) in 1997 reported 450 discoveries put in the map of region. Upper Thar of district Ghotki and Sukkur districts are explored along the Raini River (dried) ancient Hakra course. Archaeologists have ignored remaining Lower Thar of Sindh including Tharparkar Umerkot and Sanghar Districts. This paper attempts to provide extensive details of exploration and documentation of archaeological sites from different seasons from 2004-2009 the researcher explored the remote and sensitive area of lower Thar Desert, recorded 120 fresh archaeological discoveries of different pre-proto and historical period sites.The methodologies for the recording of archaeological sites were based on three important aspects as data acquisition, analyzing or processing and interpretation. When, the site was experienced its aspects and geological not set in stone. The site- level overview gave data on the presence or nonappearance of any unmistakeable elements and action regions like assembling garbage dissipated type relics, nature of the site, absolute region involved assortment of intriguing things and locational setting. The outcome of this research is: previously the area was not explored scientifically. Now documented in detail and exact location of each site is kept on the regional Map.

The Study of Herman Hesse’s Siddhartha in the Light of Deconstruction

Dr. Shahnaz Shoro, Dr. Mubarak Lashari — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Structuralism and post-structuralism subscribe two contrasted vision of language. Structuralists present a stable relationship between signifier and signified of language’s “sign” while post-structuralists reject this conception. Deconstruction is a Post structural method of study which challenges the status of language. It affirms that language is an unfixed and unstable medium to understand reality. This study is an application of deconstruction method on‘Siddhartha’ (1922) written by Herman Hesse. Siddhartha, the title character is in search of nirvana for his salvation. He accepts one belief and rejects another and speaks conflicting utterances. This study explores binary oppositions and contradictory statements of the text to see that how far Siddhartha (the protagonist) succeeds in achieving reality of life. Relying on textual analysis it is observed that the novel is entangled into binary polarities viz. Siddhartha’s self-indulgence and self-reliance practice, and his materialism and spiritualism. These polarities create tension in narrative.Moreover the text has abundance of contradictory statements which create disunity at verbal and textual level.Through all these incompatible elements the text presents a notion that ultimate meaning of life cannot be understood by language.

Linguistic research for Hadith terms in the “Al-Muqadmat-ul-Mishkat” and criticism on it

Muhammad Kashif Barkati, Dr. Hafiz Abdul Ghani Shaikh — Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Islam is a universal religion that is only acceptable to Allah. Islam covers all aspects of life. Islam reached the Indian sub-continent in its beginning. There are two main sources of Islamic Law: Quran and Hadith. Quran is the book that was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) through Gabriel (A.S). It is a book that is recited. Hadith is the message of Allah which is in the words of Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H). Indeed the knowledge of Hadith and Saint is a great and very important knowledge. Scholars have tried their best to record and safeguard this knowledge. It is very important because it is a source of the knowledge of Islam and it discusses the sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H). This knowledge helps Muslims follow their Prophet (P.B.U.H) and make him their role model. Every Muslim must have knowledge of Hadith as it is their duty to know the sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H).

Scholars have struggled to protect Hadith from attacks and distortions. They have appointed and suggested some rules and principles by which one can know the difference between correct and fabricated Hadith. They have discussed these points in their books. Shah Abdul Haq Dehlavi was a great scholar who worked for hadith and has written many books. He was a great scholar of his time who had devoted his life to serving Islamic knowledge.

One of his books is “MUQADMAT-UL-MISHKAT” which contains knowledge about the principles and rules of Hadith. Although it is a brief book, it is very comprehensive. It is an important book for learners of Hadith. This book contains basic knowledge of Hadith.