In Vitro Evaluation of Ginger Stem Extract as Repellent against Hyalomma Anatolicum Tick

Abstract

The study was carried out during the year 2013-14 to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of Ginger Stem Extract as Repellent Against Hyalomma anatolicum Tick. For this purpose Hyalomma anatolicum engorged ticks were collected from cattle and buffalo at Livestock Experimental Farm, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam. The results shows that in experiment-1; in vitro repellency of ginger against Hyalomma anatolicum shows average 100%, 80%, 70% and 60% reppelency, in experiment-2; in vivo repellency of 90%, 70%, 60% and 50%, in experiment-3; in vivo repellency of 90%, 80%, 60% and 40%, in experiment-4; in vivo repellency of 80%, 70%, 60% and 40%, in experiment-5; in vivo repellency of 90%, 80%, 60% and 40% at 5%, 2.5%, 1% and 0.5% concentration of ginger extract. Overall, repellency was 90%, 76%, 62% and 46% under invitro conditions at 5%, 2.5%, 1% and 0.5% concentration of ginger extract. In experiment-1; in vivo efficacy of ginger against Hyalomma anatolicum shows average 90%, 90%, 90% and 60% mortality of ticks examined at 5%, 2.5%, 1% and 0.5% concentrations. In experiment-2;100%, 100%, 100% and 50% mortality of ticks under in vitro condition at 5%, 2.5%, 1% and 0.5% concentration. In experiment-3; average 70%, 60%, 80% and 40% mortality of ticks under in vitro condition at 5%, 2.5%, 1% and 0.5% concentration. In experiment-4; overall, 80%, 70%, 40% and 30% mortality of ticks under in vitro condition at 5%, 2.5%, 1% and 0.5% concentration. In experiment-5; overall, 90%, 70%, 50% and 60% mortality of ticks under in vitro condition at 5%, 2.5%, 1% and 0.5% concentration. Overall, 88%, 74%, 60% and 50% mortality of ticks under in vitro condition at 5%, 2.5%, 1% and 0.5% concentration. Zero mortality was seen in control group in all experiments. The calculations of LC 50 and LC 90 of ginger stem extract on Hyallomma anatolicum ticks shows that 33.75% ticks were died at lethal dose of 5% concentration and 32.25 % ticks were died at 2.5% concentration of ginger stem extract.From the present study it was concluded that in vitro efficacy of ginger extract against Hyalomma anatolicum ticks proved satisfactory results.