Prevalence of Ascaris Spp. In Pig Farms of Numan LGA, Adamawa State, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v9i02.7736Keywords:
Ascaris spp, Fecal sample, Pigs, PrevalenceAbstract
Gastrointestinal parasite (GIP) infection has been a major drawback in pig production in Nigeria due to multiplicity of factors that facilitate pathogen survival and proliferation in the tropics. About 166 Faecal samples were collected based on; sex, age, breed, type of feed, and management system. The samples were subjected to fecal floatation technique, and prevalence was determine using epitools. An overall prevalence of 9 (5.4%) was recorded for Ascaris spp infestations at different farm levels. Our result shows that, for sex the female has higher prevalence of 4(6.8%) than Male 5(4.6%), For age the young have higher prevalence of 7(5.5%) than adult 2(5.0%), while for management, Free range have higher prevalence of 3(9.3%), followed by semi-intensive 4(4.5%) and least intensive 2(4.3%). The local breed 9(5.4%) and local feed 9(5.4%) could not be calculated because no data for exotic breed and commercial feed respectively. In conclusion, the result shows that, the young pigs and female pigs have higher prevalence than adult and male pigs while Free range pigs have higher prevalence, more than intensively manage pigs.
References
Abonyi, F. O., & Njoga, E. O. (2020). Prevalence and determinants of gastrointestinal parasite infection in intensively managed pigs in Nsukka agricultural zone, Southeast, Nigeria. Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 44, 31-39.
Agumah, N.B., Daminabo, V.V., Ekam E.E., Okonkwo, E.C., Nwuzo, A.C.and Agah, M.V. (2015). Survey of intestinal parasites in faecal dropping of swine in plateau state, Nigeria. Journal of life sciences, 2(2):119-122.
Akanni, O.N., Anyika, K. C., Frank, M. C., & Jatau, J. D. (2017). Prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in pigs in Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. Haya Saudi Journal Life Science 2 (5):140–142
Atawalna, J., Attoh-Kotoku, V., Folitse, R. D., Amenakpor, C., & Atawalna, J. (2016). Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among pigs in the Ejisu Municipality of Ghana. Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, 3(1), 33-36.
Dogo, A. G., Karaye, G. P., Patrobas, M. G., Galadima, M., & Gosomji, I. J. (2017). Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites and their impact in domestic animals in Vom, Nigeria. Saudi Journal Medical Pharmaceutical Science; 3(3):211-216
Dold, C. & Holland, C. V. (2011). Ascaris and ascariasis. Microbes and Infection, 13, 632-637.
Geresu, M.A., Hailemariam, Z., Mamo G., Tafa, M. and Megersa, M . (2015). Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Major Gastrointestinal Parasites of Pig Slaughtered at Addis Ababa Abattoirs Enterprise, Ethiopia. Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 6: 244.
Haimi-Hakala, M., Hälli, O., Laurila, T., Raunio-Saarnisto, M., Nokireki, T., Laine, T., Nykäsenoja, S., Pelkola, K., Segales, J., Sibila, M., Oliviero, C., Peltoniemi, O., Pelkonen, S. & Heinonen, M. (2017). Etiology of acute respiratory disease in fattening pigs in Finland. Porcine Health Management, 3, 19.
Jatfa, J. W., Magudu, L. R., Adenkola, A. Y., Oke, P. O., & Orgem, C. M. (2018). Farm system distribution of gastrointestinal and haemoparasites of pigs within Makurdi metropolis. Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 16(4), 24-29.
Julius, O.A and Oladapo, O.O, (2016). Prevalence of intestinal Parasitism of swine in a North central state of Nigeria. Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research, 3 (3) : 278-281.
Karaye, G. P., Dogo, A. G., Iliyasu, D., & Madu, H. K. (2016). Prevalence of swine gastrointestinal parasites in four selected Local Government Areas of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. International Journal of Livestock Research 6:21–26
Krishna., Soe, A. and Mahina, M.(2016). Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in pigs in America. Journal of parasitic disease, 30(1): 523-545.
Lai, M., Zhou, R.Q., Huang, H.C. and Hu, S.J. (2011). Prevalence and risk factors associated with intestinal parasites in pigs in Chongqing, China Research Veterinary Science. 91:121-124.
Lassen, B., Geldhof, P., Hälli, O., Vlaminck, J., Oliviero, C., Orro, T. & Heinonen, M. (2019). Anti-Ascaris suum IgG antibodies in fattening pigs with different respiratory conditions. Veterinary Parasitology, 265, 85-90.
Lekko, Y., Kwoji, I., Gadzama, J., Ezema, K., & Musa, M. (2018). Survey for gastrointestinal parasites of pigs in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. International Journal Livestock Research, 8, 65-70.
Murrell, K. D. (1986). Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Control of Major Swine Helminth Parasites. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 2, 439-454.
Murrell, K. D., Eriksen, L., Nansen, P., Slotved, H. C. & Rasmussen, T. (1997).Ascaris suum: a revision of its early migratory path and implications for human ascariasis. The journal of Parasitology, 83, 255-60.
Nganga, C.J., Karanja, D.N. and Mutune, M.N. (2008). The prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections in pigs in Kenya. Tropical Animal Health Production. 40: 331-334.
Ngowi, H. A., Kassuku, A. A., Maeda, G. E. M., Boa, M. E., & Willingham, A. L. (2004). A slaughter slab survey for extra-intestinal porcine helminth infections in northern Tanzania. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 36, 335-340.
Nissen, S., Poulsen, I.H., Nejsum, P., Olsen, A., Roepstorff, A., Rubaire-Akiiki, C. et al., (2011). Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in growing pigs in Kabale District in Uganda. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 43: 567-572.
Njoga, E. O., Onunkwo, J. I., Ekere, S. O., Njoga, U. J., & Okoro, W. N. (2018b). Seroepidemiology of equine brucellosis and role of horse carcass processors in spread of Brucella infection in Enugu State, Nigeria. International Journal Current Research. Review, 10, 39-45.
Njoga, E. O., Onunkwo, J. I., Okoli, C. E., Ugwuoke, W. I., Nwanta, J. A., & Chah, K. F. (2018a). Assessment of antimicrobial drug administration and antimicrobial residues in food animals in Enugu State, Nigeria. Tropical animal health and production, 50, 897-902.
Nsoso, S. J., Mosala, K.P., Ndebele R.T and Ramabu, S.S. (2000). The prevalence of internal and external parasites in pigs of different ages and sexes in Southeast District, Botswana. The Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary. 67(3):217-20.
Nwanta, J. A., Shoyinka, S. V., Chah, K. F., Onunkwo, J. I., Onyenwe, I. W., Eze, J. I., ... & Oladimeji, K. T. (2011). Production characteristics, disease prevalence, and herd-health management of pigs in Southeast Nigeria. Journal of Swine Health and Production, 19(6), 331-339.
Nwoha, R.I.O., Ekwurike, J.O (2011) Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode parasites in intensively managed pigs of different ages and sexes in Umuahia city of Abia State. International Research Journal Biochemistry Bioinformatics 1:161–167
Obisike, V., Amuta, P., & Iorkyase, S. (2018). Epidemiological survey of gastrointestinal parasites of pigs slaughtered in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State. Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research, 5(2), 1-9.
Obonyo, F. O., Maingi, N., Githigia, S. M., & Ng’ang’a, C. J. (2013). Farming practices and risk factors for transmission of helminths of free range pigs in Homabay District, Kenya. Livestock Research for Rural Development 25,1-10
Okoli, C. E., Njoga, E. O., Enem, S. I., Godwin, E. E., Nwanta, J. A., & Chah, K. F. (2018). Prevalence, toxigenic potential and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus isolated from ready-to-eat meats. Veterinary World, 11(9), 1214.
Okorafor, U. P., Unigwe, C. R., Okorafor, J. C., Isegbe, E. I., Ogbu, U. M., & Atoyebi, T. J. (2014). A survey of gastrointestinal parasites of pigs that arrived for slaughter at Bodija Abattoir, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences and Technology, 20(2), 53.
Onunkwo, J. I., Njoga, E. O., Njoga, U. J., Ezeokafor, E., & Ekere, S. O. (2018). Brucella seropositivity in chicken and risk factors for Brucella infection at the animal-human interface in Anambra State, Nigeria. International Journal of One Health, 4, 28-34.
Roepstorff, A., Nilsson, O., Oksanen, A., Gjerde, B., Richter, S. H., Örtenberg, E.,Christensson, D., Martinsson, K. B., Bartlett, P. C., Nansen, P., Eriksen, L.,Helle, O., Nikander, S. & Larsen, K. (1998). Intestinal parasites in swine in the Nordic countries: prevalence and geographical distribution. Veterinary Parasitology, 76, 305-319.
Sowemimo, O.A., Asaolu, S. O., Adegoke, F. O., & Ayanniyi, O. O. (2012). Epidemiological survey of gastrointestinal parasites of pigs in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria. Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, 4(10), 294-298.
Taylor, M., Coop, R. & Wall, R. (2016). Veterinary Parasitology. Wiley Blackwell
World Health Organization, WHO (2003). Manual of Basic Techniques for a Health Laboratory [Online]. Geneva: World Health Organization. http://www.labquality .be/documents/ANALYSIS/9241545305.pdf, retrieved 24-03-2013
Yaji, A. D., Fayum, K. T., & Onah, I. E. (2019). Surveys of Gastrointestinal Parasites of Sus scrofa domesticus (Domestic Pig) in Ushongo Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria. Nigerian Annals of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2, 49-56.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
papers are accepted on the understanding that the work has been submitted exclusively to the journal and has not been previously published. Authors will be supplied with copyright form, which must be completed and returned to the publisher. Papers will not be published until the signed copyright disclaimer has been received.
Kindly download the copyright for below and attach as a supplimentry file during article submission
