Brucellosis: A Major Zoonotic Disease of Public Health and Veterinary Importance

Abstract

Brucellosis is a global zoonotic illness that affects both animal and human populations. This disease, which affects numerous animal species, can be transmitted to humans through direct contact with or consumption of contaminated food sources. Despite the significant health risks posed by brucellosis, its public health implications have often been overlooked in several nations. In humans, it manifests as an acute febrile illness and can lead to a chronic, debilitating infection, while its presence in livestock carries substantial socioeconomic consequences. Over the last two decades, considerable progress has been made in comprehending various facets of brucellosis in both animals and humans. Nevertheless, particularly in developing regions, significant obstacles persist in the control and eradication of brucellosis, including the need for innovative diagnostic tools and effective vaccines. This discussion will focus on critical aspects of epidemiological surveillance, as well as the priorities and challenges associated with brucellosis.