Synthesis, characterization of Cu(II)/ Ni(II) complexes metal ions derived from flexible dicarboxylate ligand with 2,2’-bipyridine and their photodegradations applications.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26692/surjss.v57i02.7297Keywords:
Metal complexes, , synthesis,, FT-IR, , UV-Vis,, SEM,, photo- degradation reaction.Abstract
Newly developed metal ligand (M-L) coordination complexes were synthesized by various methods for research and commercial uses, which shown significant improvement over time. A newer flexible, bipyridine-based Cu (II) and Ni (II) metal complexes formed from 2,2’-bipyridine-4,4’-dicarboxylic acid, using the metal-coupling reaction. The structure of the new M-L complexes was analyzed using various spectroscopic techniques, including FT-IR, UV/Vis, SEM, and EDS. The newly synthesized compound 2,2’-bipyridine-4,4’-dicarboxylic acid[(BPyCOOH)] showed weak to medium-intensity bands in the 1730 cm?¹ range, attributed to aromatic carboxylate stretching vibrations. These metal complexes were employed as photo-catalysts for the photo degradation of methylene blue in an aqueous solution. The photocatalytic experiments revealed that the Cu(II) complex exhibited the best photocatalytic performance than Ni(II) complex, degrading 88% of methylene blue (MB) at 26°C. The photo-degradation activity was observed under UV light and in darkness. The kinetics of the photo degradation of methylene blue were investigated with optimized parameters in the presence of nan catalysts. The rate constants (k) for the metal ions [(BPyCOO)Cu] and [(BPyCOO)Ni] were measured to be 0.0481 and 0.0212, respectively. These results indicate a pseudo-first-order reaction with a higher rate constant for [(BPyCOO)Cu] compared to [(BPyCOO)Ni].
References
Anna, M., Masdeu-B, M. R., & Carmen, C. (2022)Mechanistic Insights of Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction: Experimental versus Computational Studies. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 14(1), 1-17. DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100975
Christopher, K. P.,Danica, A. R., David, W. C., & Mac, M. (2013) Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis with Transition Metal Complexes: Applications in Organic Synthesis.Chemical Reviews, 113 (7), 5322. DOI: 10.1021/cr300503r
Fatemeh, H., Mehdi, R., Mohammad, E.,Bahrololoom, M., &Lobat, T. (2018) Investigation of the mechanical properties and degradability of a modified chitosan-based scaffold. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 204(15), 187-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.10.045
Guoshuai, L., Shijie, Y., Hong, H., Ming, M., & Nanqi, R. (2017) A novel Z-scheme BiPO4-Bi2O2(OH)(NO3) heterojunction structured hybrid for synergistic photocatalysis, Chemosphere. 171(1), 702-709.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.102
Hanbing, R.,Zhiwei, L., &Xin Liu. (2016) Visible light-driven photocatalytic degradation performance for Methylene Blue with different multi-morphological features of ZnS.RSC Advances 6(52). 46299-46306. DOI: 10.1039/C6RA05212F
Hui, Xu.,Yuanguo, Xu., Huaming, Li., Jiexiang, X., Jun Xiong., & Sheng Yin. (2012) Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic property of AgBr/BiPO4 heterojunctionphotocatalyst. Dalton Transcation, 12, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C2DT11969B
Imteaz A., &Sung, H. J.,(2017) Applications of metal-organic frameworks in adsorption/separation processes via hydrogen bonding interactions. Chem. Eng. J, 30, 1(15), 197-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.10.115
Jakob, B.,Christoph,K.,Christopher, B., &Oliver, S. W. (2021) A PhotorobustMo(0) Complex Mimicking [Os(2,2?-bipyridine)3]2+ and Its Application in Red-to-Blue Upconversion.Journal of the American Chemical Society, 143 (3) 1651. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c12805
Jia-Wei, W.,Wen-Ju, Liu.,Di-Chang, Z., &Tong-Bu, Lu.(2017) Nickel complexes as molecular catalysts for water splitting and CO 2 reduction.Coordination Chemistry Reviews 378(1), 237-261. DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.12.009
Jiajia, Wei., Xing, Chen., & Chenying, Liu. (2023) Single-site bipyridine cobalt complexes covalently embedded into graphitic carbon nitride with excellent photocatalytic activity and selectivity towards CO2 reduction. Nanoscale, 15(1), 536-543.https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NR07202E
Luca, M.,Alessia, C., Claudia, D.,Dominique, R. Francesco, F., & Ma, Y. (2021). Recent Investigations on Thiocyanate-Free Ruthenium(II) 2,2?-Bipyridyl Complexes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.Molecules, 26(24), 7638. DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247638
Long, P.,Kristie, M., Adams, H. E., Hernandez, X. W.,Chong, Z.,Yoshiyuki, H.,Katsumi, K., (2003) Porous lanthanide-organic frameworks: synthesis, characterization, and unprecedented gas adsorption properties. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125 (10), 1. DOI: 10.1021/ja028996w
Mingming, C., Wanhong, M., & Chuncheng, C. (2006) Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants catalyzed by layered iron(II) bipyridine complex–clay hybrid under visible irradiation. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental65(3), 217-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2006.01.010
Mohamed, A. H., Mohamed, A.,Marwa, R., & Safaa, R. (2023) Principles of Photocatalysts and Their Diferent Applications: A Review, Topics in Current Chemistry. 381(1), 31.https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-023-00444-7
Sadaf, Y., Luca, B., & Leonardo, D. (2024) Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants—Nile Blue, Methylene Blue, and Bentazon Herbicide—Using NiO-ZnO Nanocomposite. Nanomaterials (Basel) 14(5):470. DOI: 10.3390/nano140504
Satyanarayan, P. (2018). Pyridine: A useful ligand in transition metal complexes. Open access peer reviewed chapter, 5(11), 2018. DOI: 10.5772/Intechopen.76986.
Shailendra, Y., Sankatha, P. S., Kanha, S. T., & Mrityunjay, S. (2024). A review on sustainable synthesis methods, characterization and applications of inorganic metal complexes: Recent advances and future approaches. Results in Chemistry, 10(20, 101743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101743
Sergio, N.,Amarajothi, D., &Meredes, A. (2022) Metal–Organic Frameworks as Photocatalysts for Solar-Driven Overall Water Splitting. Chem Rev, 123(1), 445–490. DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00460
Su-Ping, L., Ling-Zhi, T., &Shu-Zhong, Z. (2017) A cobalt(II) complex of 2,2-bipyridine, a catalyst for electro- and photo-catalytic hydrogen production in purely aqueous media.Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 86(1), 276-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2017.10.027
Tahere, K., Somayeh, T., Niloufar, A. T., Hadi, B., Cloudia, G., Jang, H. W., &Mohammadreza S. (2021). Synthesis and Characterization of Bipyridine Cobalt Complex for Detection and Degradation Applications. RSC Advances, 11(5), 3049-3057. DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08126d
Telmo N. Francisco, Dr. Hélio M. T. Albuquerque, Prof. Dr. Artur M. S. Silva. (2024)An In-Depth Exploration of Six Decades of the Kröhnke Pyridine Synthesis, Chemistry European Journals, 30 (47), 18-22. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202401672
Thach Ngoc, T.,Nguyen, M., &Nguyen, H. (2021). Designing bipyridine-functionalized zirconium metal–organic frameworks as a platform for clean energy and other emerging application.Coordination Chemistry Reviews 364(1), 33-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.03.014
Wu, W. P. Ding, Q. Wu, X. R. (2019) Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes by infinite one dimensional coordination polymer based on Zn(II) in water, Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 33(1), 51. DOI: 10.4314/bcse.v33i1.5
Weili W. Li.,Wei, Su., &Xing, Yi.(2022) Photocatalytic CO2 reduction over copper-based materials: A review.Journal of CO2 Utilization 61(1), 102056. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102056
Xiuyan, D.,Duqingcuo, Li., Yuyan, Li., Hiroshi, S.,Mohammad, M., &Ying, P. (2022) A 3,8-connected Cd(II)-based metal-organic framework as an appropriate luminescent sensor for the antibiotic sulfasalazine.CrystEngComm, 24(21), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CE01079H
Yamanoi, Y. (2024). Recent Advances in Bipyridine Derivatives and Their Catalytic Applications. Molecules, 29(3), 576. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29030576
Yuan-Ping, W., & Sizhuo, Y. (2021) Iron(III)-bipyridine incorporated metal–organic frameworks for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with improved performance, Dalton transcations, 50(1), 384-390. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0DT03500A
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sindh University Research Journal - SURJ (Science Series)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
