Dynamics of Musalihati Anjuman in Conflict Management at Local Level (A Case Study of Mianwali, Punjab)

Abstract

This paper is focused on growth and development of the institution of Musalihati Anjumane (Musalihati Anjumane is a community-supported Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanism at the level of the Union Council (UC), the lowest level of local government in Pakistan). Musalihati Anjuman (MA) was part of the devolution of power plan. Musalihati Anjumane being a local arbitrary mechanism was considered as a hope for the solution of problematic issues related to poor. Owing to its mandate, an ultimate question about the working and effectiveness of MA arise in mind. Main findings of the study clearly ascertained a positive role of Musalihati Anjuman. Based on the hypothesis that MA is a hope for the solution of the problems of poor women, some specific objectives were set for the study. The study was aimed to differentiate between systems of arbitration, impact of economic factors in conflict management and observance of cultural norms and values by the MA. Anthropological research methods were applied to collect field data from Kalabagh, District Mianwali, and Punjab, Pakistan. The empirical evidence confirmed more reliance on informal patterns of decision making than the formal judicial apparatus. In case of the procedures of MA, the arbitrary system was pro poor as the fee involved was either minimal or negligible. The results also confirmed the observance of cultural norms particularly in providing solution for women’s personal and domestic issues. Various impressions and interpretations of Musalihati Anjumane by women were a reflection of their confidence in the arbitration practices.