Ideological Foundation of Iranian Political System: An Analytical Study of the Vilayet-Efaqih Theory

Abstract

The spirit of the Islamic Revolution in Iran was one of the most historic events held in 1979 and it was considered the biggest event of the 20th century. After revolution Ayatollah Khomeini developed the theoretical foundation for government by his theory of “Vilayet-e-faqih”. He introduced the new hybrid system consisting on theocratic and democratic principles after abolishing the 2500 years old institution of monarchy. According to his ‘vilayet-efaqih’ theory a system is developed in which there is no difference between Islam and state. Theory of ‘vilayet-efaqih’ is exclusive in its sense and it became the ideological foundation for Islamic republic of Iran. In the political affairs of the state Ayatollah Khomeini promoted the powerful direct rule of clergy in politics.