Women Participation at Top and Middle Management Levels in Public Universities/Degree Awarding Institutions (Dais) of Pakistan: A Case Study of Universities in Sindh

Abstract

Since past decades women participated is policy formulation and decision making positions in government and non-government sectors in Pakistan. However, women’s access to work in key management positions in both public and private sectors has been infrequent and inequitable. The same trend is observed in various public and private sector of Sindh province of Pakistan. Universities can play important role to create opportunities for education and equitable employment. Whereas, higher education sector is itself facing unequal women representation at top and middle management levels in Pakistan. Therefore, the objective of this research study is to find out male-female participation in public higher education sector in the shape of their involvement at top and middle management levels. This research also addressed and assessed all major issues concerned to underutilization of educated women in Universities/Degree Awarding Institutions (DAIs) in Sindh, Pakistan. The study also analyzes women’s research capacities and reviews their self-motivational force on managing universities.