Multi-Hop Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks using Genetic Algorithm

Abstract

The research in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have increasingly been done since many year for its application-specific utilization. Depending on the environment, WSNs have been deployed for the sake data sensing, gathering and transmitting it to the nearest sink. Usually, the WSNs are small in size with limited computational capabilities. Therefore, an efficient routing scheme determine the usage of battery having minimal power. In this study, we develop a scenario with the deployment of sensor nodes and sinks in the WSNs field. The sensor nodes are connected to the nearest possible sink. Then, we apply Genetic Algorithm (GA) with some basic modifications for the evaluation and optimization of the distance and energy consumption. If any node sensed the data and the path is optimized then the distance is reduced by multi-hop scheme, the lifetime of the sensor network is considerably maximized. Multi-hop routing scheme has an edge over the single hop or direct routing scheme where minimal energy is consumed in transmitting the data towards the nearest sink. For the sake of simulation, a variable number of sensor nodes with one or more sinks are deployed and the results are done in MATLAB. Further, these results are compared with TEEN (threshold sensitive energy efficient sensor network) protocol.