Belt and Road Initiative of China
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Abstract
Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) also recognized as One Belt and One Road (OBOR) is currently renowned external policy initiative of China for regional connectivity. It is a massive infrastructure and transportation project. The study attempts to understand this initiative in broader perspective in terms of big changes at regional and global level. This paper argues that BRI is not just a project of building roads and bridges, but it will simultaneously heighten strategic and economic capability of China. Furthermore, it argues that, China’s quest to enhance regional connectivity will be purely based on economic activities. In the meantime, Beijing will use its fiscal leverage to influence the policies of aligned countries to line up with its interests. This paper addresses three main questions: What is the significance of BRI with emphasis on its main objectives? How does this initiative help advance China’s interests? What are the expected challenges to BRI?
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References
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Yu, S. (2018). The Belt and Road initiative and its associated criminal risks. IALS Student Law Review, 5 (2), 68-75
Zhai, F. (2018). China’s belt and Road initiative: A preliminary quantitative assessment. Journal of Asian Economics, 55 (C), 84 -93
BBC (2019, April 25). Belt and Road: China showcases initiative to the world leaders, Business, BBC News. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/ news/business-48047877
Cai, P. (2017, March 22). Understanding China’s Belt and Road Initiative. Lowy Institute. Retrieved from https://www.lowyinstitute.org/ publications/understanding-belt-and-road-initiative
Chance, A. (2016). American perspectives on Belt and Road Initiative: Sources of concern possibilities for US-China cooperation. Institute for China-America Studies. Retrieved from https://chinaus-icas.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/American-Perspectives-on-the-Belt-and-Road-Initiative.pdf
Chawla, M. I. (2018). Belt and Road Initiative regional and global dimensions. Journal of Political Studies, 25 (1), 81-94.
China Power (2017, December 2). How will the Belt and Road Initiative advance China’s interests? Retrieved from https://chinapower.csis.org/china-belt-and-road-initiative/
Frank, F. (2019, October 23). China’s maritime One Belt, One Road Initiative under scrutiny for threats to US security. The Epoch Times. Retrieved from https://www.theepochtimes.com/chinas-maritime-one-belt-one-road-initiative-under-scrutiny-for-threats-to-us-security_3125300.html
Frankopan, P. (2018). The new silk roads: The present and future of the world. Bloomsbury: UK.
Iqbal, K. (2017). Significance and security of CPEC: Pakistani perspective. China Institute of International Studies. Retrieved from http://www.ciis.org.cn/english/2017-11/10/content_40064710.htm
Johnston, A. L. (2018). The Belt and Road Initiative: What is in it for China, Asia, and the pacific policy studies? Retrieved from DOI: 10.1002/app5.265
Karim, A. M. (2015). China’s proposed maritime silk road: Challenges and opportunities with special references to Bay of Bengal region. Journal of International studies, 30 (3), 297-319
Landsburg, H. M. (2018, October 10). A critical look at China’s One Belt One Road Initiative. Retrieved from http://www.cadtm.org/A-critical-look-at-China-s-One-Belt-One-Road-initiative
Li, M. (2020). The Belt and Road Initiative: Geo-economics and Indo specific security competition. International Affairs, 96 (1), 169-187
Liu, H. (2017). The security challenges to One Belt One Road initiative and China’s choices. Croatian International Relations Review, 23(78), 129-147
Lu, H. and Rohr, C. (2018). China Belt and Road Initiative measuring the impact of improving transport connectivity on international trade in the region: A proof of concept study. Retrieved from https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2625.html
OCED (2018). China’s Belt and Road Initiative in the global trade, investment and finance landscape. OCED. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/finance/Chinas-Belt-and-Road-Initiative-in-the-global-trade-investment-and-finance-landscape.pdf
Ramay, A. S. (2016). China Pakistan Economic Corridor: A Chinese dream being materialized through Pakistan. Islamabad: Sustainable Development Policy Institute.
Richard, G. (2018). China’s belt and road imitative, security implications and ways forward for the European Union. Policy Brief, SIPRI.
Robbins, B. (2017). One Belt One Road and history of maritime silk route. E-International Relations Studies. Retrieved from https://www.e-ir.info/2017/03/26/one-belt-one-road-and-the-history-of-the-maritime-silk-route/
Rumi, A. (2016). One Belt One Road China’s new global strategy. Journal of East Asia Studies, 5 (2), 3-22.
Ruta, M. (2018). Three opportunities and three risks of the belt and road initiative. Retrieved from https://blogs.worldbank.org/trade/three-opportunities-and-three-risks-belt-and-road-initiative
Saltskog, M., and Clarke, P.C. (2018). Little Known security gaps in China’s Belt and Road Initiative, The RAND blogs. Retrieved from https://www.rand.org/blog/2019/02/the-little-known-security-gaps-in-chinas-belt-and-road.html
Singh, A. K. (2018). Emerging contours of maritime security architecture under the Belt and Road Initiative. Journal of Defense Studies, 12(4), 35-55
Tow, M. D. (2017). One Belt One Road its significance and meaning, China and US Focus. Retrieved from https://www.chinausfocus.com/ finance-economy/one-belt-one-road-initiative-its-meaning-and-significance
Vangeli, A. (2019). Introduction: New perspectives on China – Central and Eastern Europe relations. Asia Europe Journal, 17(4), 361-368
Wei, L. (2018). China’s Belt and Road Initiative: A bellwether of China’s role in the global governance. Tsinghua: Centre for global policy Carnegie
Wolff, P. (2016). China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Challenges and opportunities. Retrieved from https://www.die-gdi.de/ uploads/media/Belt_and_Road_V1.pdf
Yakov, S., and Larisa, K. (2017). China’s economic interests in the One Belt One Road initiative. SHS Web of Conference 39, 01025. Retrieved from DOI: 10.1051/shsconf/20173901025
Yu, S. (2018). The Belt and Road initiative and its associated criminal risks. IALS Student Law Review, 5 (2), 68-75
Zhai, F. (2018). China’s belt and Road initiative: A preliminary quantitative assessment. Journal of Asian Economics, 55 (C), 84 -93