REGIONAL INTEGRATION: CHALLENGES AND OPTIONS FOR PAKISTAN

Abstract

The research paper explores the challenges and opportunities for regional integration in South Asia, with a particular focus on Pakistan’s role within the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). Integration has been hindered by an array of political, security, and economic challenges, despite the region's advantageous geopolitical location and substantial economic growth potential. Historical rivalries, the variety of political systems among member states, and unresolved territory disputes—particularly between India and Pakistan—are major barriers. The study also looks at possible remedies, including improving trade facilitation, lowering tariffs, and encouraging collaboration in industries including energy, textiles, and agriculture. Deeper economic cooperation might greatly benefit South Asian nations, especially India and Pakistan, by tackling these issues and utilizing their shared cultural heritage. The research concludes with policy recommendations for overcoming barriers to regional integration, emphasising the need for collaborative efforts, improved diplomatic engagement, and investment in infrastructure to unlock the full potential of regional cooperation.