Harmonic Mitigation in Grid-Connected Inverters Using Multi-Resonant Proportional Resonant (PR) Control
Keywords:
Point of Common Coupling, Multi-resonant PR Controller, Harmonic MitigationAbstract
Modern microgrids and distributed generation facilities rely heavily on grid-connected voltage source inverters, making power quality compliance at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) essential. Non-linear load demands introduce low-order harmonic currents that cause voltage distortion, often violating the limits established by the IEEE-519 standard. This paper presents a comprehensive implementation of a multi-resonant Proportional-Resonant (PR) control strategy operating within the stationary ?-? reference frame to eliminate the 5th, 7th, 11th, and 13th harmonic profiles. The complete digital discretization process based on Tustin's transformation is detailed alongside an operational software-based anti-windup clamping loop to protect against saturation during transient grid conditions. Developed within a MATLAB/Simulink environment, the proposed system is validated against composite inductive and capacitive non-linear load configurations. The verification results establish that the closed-loop controller successfully mitigates steady-state harmonic errors, reducing the PCC voltage THD from 10.028% to 3.755%, thereby satisfying the IEEE-519 harmonic limits for grid-connected inverter applications. The proposed structure provides structural simplicity and numerical stability, making it highly suitable for direct integration into real-time digital signal processors.
References
J. Smith and R. Kumar, “Harmonic mitigation using multi-resonant PR controllers in grid-connected inverters,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 4621–4632, May 2022.
L. Wang et al., “Stability oriented tuning for PR-controlled inverters in weak grids,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 2410–2421, Mar. 2021.
A. Fernandez and H. Wu, “Comparative analysis of PR and PI controllers for single-phase inverters,” IET Power Electronics, vol. 14, no. 8, pp. 1512–1523, 2021.
S. Zhang and T. Lee, “Resonant harmonic suppression under unbalanced grid voltages,” IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 1458–1467, 2022.
K. Hossain et al., “Adaptive PR control for PV inverters in weak grid conditions,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 66787–66798, 2021.
M. Ali and J. Park, “PLL-integrated PR controller for grid-synchronized VSI,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 2899–2909, 2022.
R. Patel and G. Narayan, “Harmonic control in microgrid inverters using enhanced PR loops,” IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 4301–4311, 2020.
D. Huang et al., “Multi-frequency resonant controllers for distributed energy resources,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 208, 2022.
Z. Li and P. Ranjan, “Finite control set predictive and PR hybrid control for VSIs,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 1541–1552, 2022.
Y. Cheng et al., “Review of harmonic mitigation strategies in grid interfacing inverters,” Renew. Energy, vol. 181, pp. 1290–1308, 2021.
J. Kim et al., “High-performance deadbeat and PR controllers for LCL inverters,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2023.
N. Ahmed and S. Pan, “Comparative study of MPC and PR control for renewable inverters,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 55123–55135, 2022.
V. Ramanathan et al., “Harmonic suppression in solar PV inverters using PR controllers,” Solar Energy, vol. 236, pp. 214–225, 2022.
A. Ghosh and B. Roy, “Resonant compensators for grid-connected converters,” Journal of Power Electronics, vol. 21, no. 3, 2021.
F. Li et al., “Enhanced PR structure for harmonic-rich distribution systems,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 935–945, 2023.
T. Yasuda et al., “Grid compliance enhancement through harmonic resonators,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 2024.
S. Han et al., “PR control for EV chargers with active filtering capability,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., 2021.
P. Santos et al., “Advanced control of bidirectional inverters in microgrids,” IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy, 2023.
K. Duarte and M. Torres, “Harmonic reduction strategies in distributed networks,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 116237–116250, 2021.
D. Rossi et al., “Modern PR-based controllers: A complete survey,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2024.
C. P. Kamalini, M. V. Suganyadevi, B. K. Bharathi, and M. Shree, "Design and Implementation of Proportional Resonant Controller for Power Inverters," International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 25–31, 2021.
Imperix AG, "Proportional Resonant Controller: Digital Implementation," Technical Note TN110, 2021
M. Richter and R. W. De Doncker, "Digital Proportional-Resonant (PR) Control with Anti-Windup Applied to an LCL-Filtered Voltage Source Inverter," 2023.
IEEE Standard 519-2022, IEEE Recommended Practice and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems, IEEE, 2022.
A. Swain et al., "A Novel Approach for Implementing and Optimizing Proportional-Resonant Controllers in Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverters," International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Management Sciences, vol. 9, no. 3, 2024.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 University of Sindh Journal of Information and Communication Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
University of Sindh Journal of Information and Communication Technology (USJICT) follows an Open Access Policy under Attribution-NonCommercial CC-BY-NC license. Researchers can copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, for any purpose. Authors can self-archive publisher's version of the accepted article in digital repositories and archives.
Upon acceptance, the author must transfer the copyright of this manuscript to the Journal for publication on paper, on data storage media and online with distribution rights to USJICT, University of sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan. Kindly download the copyright for below and attach as a supplimentry file during article submission
